You can use objects for the _id field as well. The _id field is always unique. That way you kind of get a composite primary key:
{ _id : { a : 1, b: 1} }
Just be careful when creating these ids that the order of keys (a and b in the example) matters, if you swap them around, it is considered a different object.
The other possibility is to leave _id alone and create a unique compound index.
db.things.ensureIndex({firstname: 1, lastname: 1}, {unique: true});
//Deprecated since version 3.0.0, is now an alias for db.things.createIndex()
https://docs.mongodb.org/v3.0/reference/method/db.collection.ensureIndex/
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