You can run USSD codes in Android devices but you would be unable to parse the result in your application. This feature might be added to the Android SDK in the future but for now, you would have to look for an alternative.
USSD can be run using simple Call intents. See Example:
String ussdCode = "*" + "123" + Uri.encode("#");
startActivity(new Intent(Intent.ACTION_CALL, Uri.parse("tel:" + ussdCode)));
as mentioned in the comments phone call permission is also required
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CALL_PHONE" /
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