javascript - Wait until setInterval() is done

Question

I would like to add a small dice rolling effect to my Javascript code. I think a good ways is to use the setInterval() method. My idea was following code (just for testing):

function roleDice() {
    var i = Math.floor((Math.random() * 25) + 5);
    var j = i;
    var test = setInterval(function() {
        i--;
        document.getElementById("dice").src = "./images/dice/dice" + Math.floor((Math.random() * 6) + 1) + ".png";
        if (i < 1) {
            clearInterval(test);
        }

    }, 50);
}

Now I would like to wait for the setInterval until it is done. So I added a setTimeout.

setTimeout(function(){alert("test")}, (j + 1) * 50);

This code works quite okay. But in my main code the roleDice() function returns a value. Now I don’t know how I could handle that... I can’t return from the setTimeout(). If I add a return to the end of the function, the return will raised to fast. Does anyone have a idea, how I could fix that?

Edit Hmm, okay I understand what the callback dose and I think I know how it works but I have still the problem. I think it’s more a "interface" problem... Here my code:

function startAnimation(playername, callback) {
    var i = Math.floor((Math.random() * 25) + 5);
    var int = setInterval(function() {
        i--;
        var number = Math.floor((Math.random() * 6) + 1);
        document.getElementById("dice").src = "./images/dice/dice" + number + ".png";
        if(i < 1) {
            clearInterval(int);
            number = Math.floor((Math.random() * 6) + 1);
            addText(playername + " rolled " + number);
            document.getElementById("dice").src = "./images/dice/dice" + number + ".png";
            callback(number);
        }
    }, 50);
}

function rnd(playername) {
    var callback = function(value){
        return value; // I knew thats pointless...
    };
    startAnimation(playername, callback);
}

The function rnd() should wait and return the value… I’m a little bit confused. At the moment I have no clue how to going on... The code wait for the var callback... but how I could combined it with the return? I would like to run the animation and return after that the last number with rnd() to a other function.

Answer 1

You stumbled into the pitfall most people hit at some point when they get in touch with asynchronous programming.

You cannot "wait" for an timeout/interval to finish - trying to do so would not work or block the whole page/browser. Any code that should run after the delay needs to be called from the callback you passed to setInterval when it's "done".

function rollDice(callback) {
    var i = Math.floor((Math.random() * 25) + 5);
    var j = i;
    var test = setInterval(function() {
        i--;
        var value = Math.floor((Math.random() * 6) + 1);
        document.getElementById("dice").src = "./images/dice/dice" + value + ".png";
        if(i < 1) {
            clearInterval(test);
            callback(value);
        }
    }, 50);
}

You then use it like this:

rollDice(function(value) {
    // code that should run when the dice has been rolled
});