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开源软件名称:airbnb/css开源软件地址:https://github.com/airbnb/css开源编程语言:开源软件介绍:Airbnb CSS / Sass StyleguideA mostly reasonable approach to CSS and Sass Table of ContentsTerminologyRule declarationA “rule declaration” is the name given to a selector (or a group of selectors) with an accompanying group of properties. Here's an example: .listing {
font-size: 18px;
line-height: 1.2;
} SelectorsIn a rule declaration, “selectors” are the bits that determine which elements in the DOM tree will be styled by the defined properties. Selectors can match HTML elements, as well as an element's class, ID, or any of its attributes. Here are some examples of selectors: .my-element-class {
/* ... */
}
[aria-hidden] {
/* ... */
} PropertiesFinally, properties are what give the selected elements of a rule declaration their style. Properties are key-value pairs, and a rule declaration can contain one or more property declarations. Property declarations look like this: /* some selector */ {
background: #f1f1f1;
color: #333;
} CSSFormatting
Bad .avatar{
border-radius:50%;
border:2px solid white; }
.no, .nope, .not_good {
// ...
}
#lol-no {
// ...
} Good .avatar {
border-radius: 50%;
border: 2px solid white;
}
.one,
.selector,
.per-line {
// ...
} Comments
OOCSS and BEMWe encourage some combination of OOCSS and BEM for these reasons:
OOCSS, or “Object Oriented CSS”, is an approach for writing CSS that encourages you to think about your stylesheets as a collection of “objects”: reusable, repeatable snippets that can be used independently throughout a website.
BEM, or “Block-Element-Modifier”, is a naming convention for classes in HTML and CSS. It was originally developed by Yandex with large codebases and scalability in mind, and can serve as a solid set of guidelines for implementing OOCSS.
We recommend a variant of BEM with PascalCased “blocks”, which works particularly well when combined with components (e.g. React). Underscores and dashes are still used for modifiers and children. Example // ListingCard.jsx
function ListingCard() {
return (
<article class="ListingCard ListingCard--featured">
<h1 class="ListingCard__title">Adorable 2BR in the sunny Mission</h1>
<div class="ListingCard__content">
<p>Vestibulum id ligula porta felis euismod semper.</p>
</div>
</article>
);
} /* ListingCard.css */
.ListingCard { }
.ListingCard--featured { }
.ListingCard__title { }
.ListingCard__content { }
ID selectorsWhile it is possible to select elements by ID in CSS, it should generally be considered an anti-pattern. ID selectors introduce an unnecessarily high level of specificity to your rule declarations, and they are not reusable. For more on this subject, read CSS Wizardry's article on dealing with specificity. JavaScript hooksAvoid binding to the same class in both your CSS and JavaScript. Conflating the two often leads to, at a minimum, time wasted during refactoring when a developer must cross-reference each class they are changing, and at its worst, developers being afraid to make changes for fear of breaking functionality. We recommend creating JavaScript-specific classes to bind to, prefixed with <button class="btn btn-primary js-request-to-book">Request to Book</button> BorderUse Bad .foo {
border: none;
} Good .foo {
border: 0;
} SassSyntax
Ordering of property declarations
VariablesPrefer dash-cased variable names (e.g. MixinsMixins should be used to DRY up your code, add clarity, or abstract complexity--in much the same way as well-named functions. Mixins that accept no arguments can be useful for this, but note that if you are not compressing your payload (e.g. gzip), this may contribute to unnecessary code duplication in the resulting styles. Extend directive
Nested selectorsDo not nest selectors more than three levels deep! .page-container {
.content {
.profile {
// STOP!
}
}
} When selectors become this long, you're likely writing CSS that is:
Again: never nest ID selectors! If you must use an ID selector in the first place (and you should really try not to), they should never be nested. If you find yourself doing this, you need to revisit your markup, or figure out why such strong specificity is needed. If you are writing well formed HTML and CSS, you should never need to do this. TranslationThis style guide is also available in other languages:
License(The MIT License) Copyright (c) 2015 Airbnb Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the 'Software'), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED 'AS IS', WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. |
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