use Mastodon::Client;
my $client = Mastodon::Client->new(
instance => 'mastodon.social',
name => 'PerlBot',
client_id => $client_id,
client_secret => $client_secret,
access_token => $access_token,
coerce_entities => 1,
);
$client->post_status('Posted to a Mastodon server!');
$client->post_status('And now in secret...',
{ visibility => 'unlisted' }
)
# Streaming interface might change!
my $listener = $client->stream( 'public' );
$listener->on( update => sub {
my ($listener, $status) = @_;
printf "%s said: %s\n",
$status->account->display_name,
$status->content;
});
$listener->start;
DESCRIPTION
Mastodon::Client lets you talk to a Mastodon server to obtain authentication
credentials, read posts from timelines in both static or streaming mode, and
perform all the other operations exposed by the Mastodon API.
Most of these are available through the convenience methods listed below, which
validate input parameters and are likely to provide more meaningful feedback in
case of errors.
Alternatively, this distribution can be used via the low-level request methods
(post, get, etc), which allow direct access to the API endpoints. All
other methods call one of these at some point.
VERSION NOTICE
This distribution currently only supports version 1 of the Mastodon API.
Help implementing support for any missing features in version 1, and for the
new features in version 2, would be greatfully appreciated.
ATTRIBUTES
instance
A Mastodon::Entity::Instance object representing the instance to which this
client will speak. Defaults to mastodon.social.
api_version
An integer specifying the version of the API endpoints to use. Defaults to 1.
redirect_uri
The URI to which authorization codes should be forwarded as part of the OAuth2
flow. Defaults to urn:ietf:wg:oauth:2.0:oob (meaning no redirection).
user_agent
The user agent to use for the requests. Defaults to an instance of
HTTP::Thin. It is expected to have a request method that
accepts HTTP::Request objects.
coerce_entities
A boolean value. Set to true if you want Mastodon::Client to internally coerce
all response entities to objects. This adds a level of validation, and can
make the objects easier to use.
Although this does require some additional processing, the coercion is done by
Type::Tiny, so the impact is negligible.
For now, it defaults to false (but this will likely change, so I recommend
you use it).
access_token
The access token of your client. This is provided by the Mastodon API and is
used for the OAuth2 authentication required for most API calls.
You can get this by calling authorize with either an access code or your
account's username and password.
authorized
Boolean. False is the client has no defined access_token. When an access token
is set, this is set to true or to a DateTime object representing the time of
authorization if possible (as received from the server).
client_id
client_secret
The client ID and secret are provided by the Mastodon API when you register
your client using the register method. They are used to identify where your
calls are coming from, and are required before you can use the authorize
method to get the access token.
name
Your client's name. This is required when registering, but is otherwise seldom
used. If you are using the authorization_url to get an access code from your
users, then they will see this name when they go to that page.
account
Holds the authenticated account. It is set internally by the get_account
method.
scopes
This array reference holds the scopes set by you for the client. These are
required when registering your client with the Mastodon instance. Defaults to
read.
Mastodon::Client will internally make sure that the scopes you were provided
when calling authorize match those that you requested. If this is not the
case, it will helpfully die.
website
The URL of a human-readable website for the client. If made available, it
appears as a link in the "authorized applications" tab of the user preferences
in the default Mastodon web GUI. Defaults to the empty string.
METHODS
Authorizing an application
Although not all of the API methods require authentication to be used, most of
them do. The authentication process involves a) registering an application with
a Mastodon server to obtain a client secret and ID; b) authorizing the
application by either providing a user's credentials, or by using an
authentication URL.
The methods facilitating this process are detailed below:
register()
register(%data)
Obtain a client secret and ID from a given mastodon instance. Takes a single
hash as an argument, with the following possible keys:
redirect_uris
The URL to which authorization codes should be forwarded after authorized by
the user. Defaults to the value of the redirect_uri attribute.
scopes
The scopes requested by this client. Defaults to the value of the scopes
attribute.
website
The client's website. Defaults to the value of the website attribute.
When successful, sets the client_secret, scopes, and client_id
attributes of the Mastodon::Client object and returns the modified object.
This should be called once per client and its contents cached locally.
authorization_url()
Generate an authorization URL for the given application. Accessing this URL
via a browser by a logged in user will allow that user to grant this
application access to the requested scopes. The scopes used are the ones in the
scopes attribute at the time this method is called.
authorize()
authorize( %data )
Grant the application access to the requested scopes for a given user. This
method takes a hash with either an access code or a user's login credentials to
grant authorization. Valid keys are:
access_code
The access code obtained by visiting the URL generated by authorization_url.
username
password
The user's login credentials.
When successful, the method automatically sets the client's authorized
attribute to a true value and caches the access_token for all future calls.
Error handling
Methods that make requests to the server will die whenever an error is
encountered, or the data that was received from the server is not what is
expected. The error string will, when possible, come from the response's
status line, but this will likely not be enough to fully diagnose what
went wrong.
latest_response
To make this easier, the client will cache the server's response after each
request has been made, and expose it through the latest_response accessor.
Note that, as its name implies, this will only store the most recent
response.
If called before any request has been made, it will return an undefined
value.
The remaining methods listed here follow the order of those in the official API
documentation.
Accounts
get_account()
get_account($id)
get_account($params)
get_account($id, $params)
Fetches an account by ID. If no ID is provided, this defaults to the current
authenticated account. Global GET parameters are available for this method.
Depending on the value of coerce_entities, it returns a
Mastodon::Entity::Account object, or a plain hash reference.
update_account($params)
Make changes to the authenticated account. Takes a hash reference with the
following possible keys:
display_name
note
Strings
avatar
header
A base64 encoded image, or the name of a file to be encoded.
Depending on the value of coerce_entities, returns the modified
Mastodon::Entity::Account object, or a plain hash reference.
followers()
followers($id)
followers($params)
followers($id, $params)
Get the list of followers of an account by ID. If no ID is provided, the one
for the current authenticated account is used. Global GET parameters are
available for this method.
Depending on the value of coerce_entities, returns an array reference of
Mastodon::Entity::Account objects, or a plain array reference.
following()
following($id)
following($params)
following($id, $params)
Get the list of accounts followed by the account specified by ID. If no ID is
provided, the one for the current authenticated account is used. Global GET
parameters are available for this method.
Depending on the value of coerce_entities, returns an array reference of
Mastodon::Entity::Account objects, or a plain array reference.
statuses()
statuses($id)
statuses($params)
statuses($id, $params)
Get a list of statuses from the account specified by ID. If no ID is
provided, the one for the current authenticated account is used.
In addition to the global GET parameters, this method accepts the following
parameters:
only_media
exclude_replies
Both boolean.
Depending on the value of coerce_entities, returns an array reference of
Mastodon::Entity::Status objects, or a plain array reference.
follow($id)
unfollow($id)
Follow or unfollow an account specified by ID. The ID argument is mandatory.
Depending on the value of coerce_entities, returns the new
Mastodon::Entity::Relationship object, or a plain hash reference.
block($id)
unblock($id)
Block or unblock an account specified by ID. The ID argument is mandatory.
Depending on the value of coerce_entities, returns the new
Mastodon::Entity::Relationship object, or a plain hash reference.
mute($id)
unmute($id)
Mute or unmute an account specified by ID. The ID argument is mandatory.
Depending on the value of coerce_entities, returns the new
Mastodon::Entity::Relationship object, or a plain hash reference.
relationships(@ids)
relationships(@ids, $params)
Get the list of relationships of the current authenticated user with the
accounts specified by ID. At least one ID is required, but more can be passed
at once. Global GET parameters are available for this method, and can be passed
as an additional hash reference as a final argument.
Depending on the value of coerce_entities, returns an array reference of
Mastodon::Entity::Relationship objects, or a plain array reference.
search_accounts($query)
search_accounts($query, $params)
Search for accounts. Takes a mandatory string argument to use as the search
query. If the search query is of the form username@domain, the accounts
will be searched remotely.
In addition to the global GET parameters, this method accepts the following
parameters:
limit
The maximum number of matches. Defaults to 40.
Depending on the value of coerce_entities, returns an array reference of
Mastodon::Entity::Account objects, or a plain array reference.
This method does not require authentication.
Blocks
blocks()
blocks($params)
Get the list of accounts blocked by the authenticated user. Global GET
parameters are available for this method.
Depending on the value of coerce_entities, returns an array reference of
Mastodon::Entity::Account objects, or a plain array reference.
Favourites
favourites()
favourites($params)
Get the list of statuses favourited by the authenticated user. Global GET
parameters are available for this method.
Depending on the value of coerce_entities, returns an array reference of
Mastodon::Entity::Status objects, or a plain array reference.
Follow requests
follow_requests()
follow_requests($params)
Get the list of accounts requesting to follow the the authenticated user.
Global GET parameters are available for this method.
Depending on the value of coerce_entities, returns an array reference of
Mastodon::Entity::Account objects, or a plain array reference.
authorize_follow($id)
reject_follow($id)
Accept or reject the follow request by the account of the specified ID. The ID
argument is mandatory.
Returns an empty object.
Follows
remote_follow($acct)
Follow a remote user by account string (ie. username@domain). The argument
is mandatory.
Depending on the value of coerce_entities, returns an
Mastodon::Entity::Account object, or a plain hash reference with the local
representation of the specified account.
Instances
fetch_instance()
Fetches the latest information for the current instance the client is talking
to. When successful, this method updates the value of the instance
attribute.
Depending on the value of coerce_entities, returns an
Mastodon::Entity::Instance object, or a plain hash reference.
This method does not require authentication.
Media
upload_media($file)
upload_media($file, $params)
Upload a file as an attachment. Takes a mandatory argument with the name of a
local file to encode and upload, and an optional hash reference with the
following additional parameters:
description
A plain-text description of the media, for accessibility, as a string.
focus
An array reference of two floating point values, to be used as
the x and y focus values. These inform clients which point in
the image is the most important one to show in a cropped view.
The value of a coordinate is a real number between -1 and +1,
where 0 is the center. x:-1 indicates the left edge of the
image, x:1 the right edge. For the y axis, y:1 is the top edge
and y:-1 is the bottom.
Depending on the value of coerce_entities, returns an
Mastodon::Entity::Attachment object, or a plain hash reference.
The returned object's ID can be passed to the post_status to post it to a
timeline.
Mutes
mutes()
mutes($params)
Get the list of accounts muted by the authenticated user. Global GET
parameters are available for this method.
Depending on the value of coerce_entities, returns an array reference of
Mastodon::Entity::Account objects, or a plain array reference.
Notifications
notifications()
notifications($params)
Get the list of notifications for the authenticated user. Global GET
parameters are available for this method.
Depending on the value of coerce_entities, returns an array reference of
Mastodon::Entity::Notification objects, or a plain array reference.
get_notification($id)
Get a notification by ID. The argument is mandatory.
Depending on the value of coerce_entities, returns an
Mastodon::Entity::Notification object, or a plain hash reference.
clear_notifications()
Clears all notifications for the authenticated user.
This method takes no arguments and returns an empty object.
Reports
reports()
reports($params)
Get a list of reports made by the authenticated user. Global GET
parameters are available for this method.
Depending on the value of coerce_entities, returns an array reference of
Mastodon::Entity::Report objects, or a plain array reference.
report($params)
Report a user or status. Takes a mandatory hash with the following keys:
account_id
The ID of a single account to report.
status_ids
The ID of a single status to report, or an array reference of statuses to
report.
comment
An optional string.
While the comment is always optional, either the account_id or the list of
status_ids must be present.
Depending on the value of coerce_entities, returns the new
Mastodon::Entity::Report object, or a plain hash reference.
Search
search($query)
search($query, $params)
Search for content. Takes a mandatory string argument to use as the search
query. If the search query is a URL, Mastodon will attempt to fetch the
provided account or status. Otherwise, it will do a local account and hashtag
search.
In addition to the global GET parameters, this method accepts the following
parameters:
resolve
Whether to resolve non-local accounts.
Statuses
get_status($id)
get_status($id, $params)
Fetches a status by ID. The ID argument is mandatory. Global GET parameters are available for this method as an additional hash reference.
Depending on the value of coerce_entities, it returns a
Mastodon::Entity::Status object, or a plain hash reference.
This method does not require authentication.
get_status_context($id)
get_status_context($id, $params)
Fetches the context of a status by ID. The ID argument is mandatory. Global GET parameters are available for this method as an additional hash reference.
Depending on the value of coerce_entities, it returns a
Mastodon::Entity::Context object, or a plain hash reference.
This method does not require authentication.
get_status_card($id)
get_status_card($id, $params)
Fetches a card associated to a status by ID. The ID argument is mandatory.
Global GET parameters are available for this method as an additional hash
reference.
Depending on the value of coerce_entities, it returns a
Mastodon::Entity::Card object, or a plain hash reference.
This method does not require authentication.
get_status_reblogs($id)
get_status_reblogs($id, $params)
get_status_favourites($id)
get_status_favourites($id, $params)
Fetches a list of accounts who have reblogged or favourited a status by ID.
The ID argument is mandatory. Global GET parameters are available for this
method as an additional hash reference.
Depending on the value of coerce_entities, it returns an array reference of
Mastodon::Entity::Account objects, or a plain array reference.
This method does not require authentication.
post_status($text)
post_status($text, $params)
Posts a new status. Takes a mandatory string as the content of the status
(which can be the empty string), and an optional hash reference with the
following additional parameters:
status
The content of the status, as a string. Since this is already provided as the
first argument of the method, this is not necessary. But if provided, this
value will overwrite that of the first argument.
in_reply_to_id
The optional ID of a status to reply to.
media_ids
An array reference of up to four media IDs. These can be obtained as the result
of a call to upload_media().
sensitive
Boolean, to mark status content as NSFW.
spoiler_text
A string, to be shown as a warning before the actual content.
visibility
A string; one of direct, private, unlisted, or public.
Depending on the value of coerce_entities, it returns the new
Mastodon::Entity::Status object, or a plain hash reference.
delete_status($id)
Delete a status by ID. The ID is mandatory. Returns an empty object.
reblog($id)
unreblog($id)
favourite($id)
unfavourite($id)
Reblog or favourite a status by ID, or revert this action. The ID argument is
mandatory.
Depending on the value of coerce_entities, it returns the specified
Mastodon::Entity::Status object, or a plain hash reference.
Timelines
timeline($query)
timeline($query, $params)
Retrieves a timeline. The first argument defines either the name of a timeline
(which can be one of home or public), or a hashtag (if it begins with the
# character). This argument is mandatory.
In addition to the global GET parameters, this method accepts the following
parameters:
Accessing the public and tag timelines does not require authentication.
local
Boolean. If true, limits results only to those originating from the current
instance. Only applies to public and tag timelines.
Depending on the value of coerce_entities, it returns an array of
Mastodon::Entity::Status objects, or a plain array reference. The more recent
statuses come first.
STREAMING RESULTS
Alternatively, it is possible to use the streaming API to get a constant stream
of updates. To do this, there is the stream() method.
stream($query)
Creates a Mastodon::Listener object which will fetch a stream for the
specified query. Possible values for the query are either user, for events
that are relevant to the authorized user; public, for all public statuses;
or a tag (if it begins with the # character), for all public statuses for
the particular tag.
For more details on how to use this object, see the documentation for
Mastodon::Listener.
Accessing streaming public timeline does not require authentication.
REQUEST METHODS
Mastodon::Client uses four lower-level request methods to contact the API
with GET, POST, PATCH, and DELETE requests. These are left available in case
one of the higher-level convenience methods are unsuitable or undesirable, but
you use them at your own risk.
They all take a URL as their first parameter, which can be a string with the
API endpoint to contact, or a URI object, which will be used as-is.
If passed as a string, the methods expect one that contains only the variable
parts of the endpoint (ie. not including the HOST/api/v1 part). The
remaining parts will be filled-in appropriately internally.
delete($url)
get($url)
get($url, $params)
Query parameters can be passed as part of the URI object, but it is not
recommended you do so, since Mastodon has expectations for array parameters
that do not meet those of eg. URI::QueryParam. It will be easier and safer
if any additional parameters are passed as a hash reference, which will be
added to the URL before the request is sent.
post($url)
post($url, $data)
patch($url)
patch($url, $data)
the post and patch methods work similarly to get and delete, but
the optional hash reference is sent in as form data, instead of processed as
query parameters. The Mastodon API does not use query parameters on POST or
PATCH endpoints.
CONTRIBUTIONS AND BUG REPORTS
Contributions of any kind are most welcome!
The main repository for this distribution is on
GitLab, which is where patches
and bug reports are mainly tracked. The repository is also mirrored on
Github, in case that platform
makes it easier to post contributions.
If none of the above is acceptable, bug reports can also be sent through the
CPAN RT system, or by mail directly to the developers at the address below,
although these will not be as closely tracked.
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