Never do anything with the GUI except from the main thread. It can cause very weird issues and or crashes you don't want to deal with. Usually the backtraces are also very unhelpful so try to avoid such issues by default.
Therefore use this:
[self performSelectorOnMainThread:@selector(showAlert:) withObject:alertString waitUntilDone:NO];
If you are using grand Central dispatch you could do something like:
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{ /* show alert view */ });
Update:
Swift (3.0+):
DispatchQueue.main.async { // code }
It is sometimes helpful to do this with Notifications
you receive as well, I have had instances where they were fired from a different thread.
Update 2:
It looks like apple has added some new tools coming in iOS11/Xcode9 to help debug issues where stuff is called on the incorrect thread.
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