From reading the description of Call Bliss, it actually sounds quite simple in how it works.
1) Do Not Disturb must be enabled at all times. Not scheduled, not off, but on at all times.
2) It requires you to set the contacts group for exceptions to Do Not Disturb to "Bliss Exceptions". This implies that the application requires access to your address book.
From there, it's probably wise to assume that it manages the contacts in the "Bliss Exceptions" contact group based on whatever parameters you set in the application. It adds and removes people in that group based said parameters.
So to answer your question, no, there is no framework to do this. The way they're doing it is likely the only way to do it currently with no public API for managing do not disturb status.
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