If you write the Swift code slightly simpler as
var theData : UInt8 = 3
let data = NSData(bytes: &theData, length: 1)
then it is relatively straight-forward to translate that to Objective-C:
uint8_t theData = 3;
NSData *data = [NSData dataWithBytes:&theData length:1];
For multiple bytes you would use an array
var theData : [UInt8] = [ 3, 4, 5 ]
let data = NSData(bytes: &theData, length: theData.count)
which translates to Objective-C as
uint8_t theData[] = { 3, 4, 5 };
NSData *data = [NSData dataWithBytes:&theData length:sizeof(theData)];
(and you can omit the address-of operator in the last statement,
see for example How come an array's address is equal to its value in C?).
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