You can do this entirely in .Net. Here is an excellent overview of the subject:
http://www.codeproject.com/KB/books/1861004990.aspx
It's C#, but it's really not hard to translate this stuff into VB. In both languages, it's just a matter of creating objects and setting properties and so on.
Essentially you load the original image into a Bitmap object (using built-in methods). When you want to zoom in on something, you define a Rectangle object that describes the region you want to zoom to, then use the DrawImage method of your Graphics object to copy and resize that region into a new Bitmap, which you then display however you like. The code example shows how to use all of these methods.
The only relatively difficult part of this would be to automatically determine the boundaries of each panel. This could be especially difficult if some of the panels are irregularly shaped (like Family Circus, as if anybody reads that), or if the scan of the comic is not perfectly aligned. It might be better to include comics with your application that contain the original image along with Regions that you've pre-defined that describe the boundaries of the panels.
If you run into any problems using the samples, post another question here and I (and 1000s of others) will be happy to help.
Update: here's a sample app I wrote that shows basically how to do this with .Net. Run the program, then click on each of the panels in the cartoon, and a zoomed-in image of each panel will be displayed below. I'll post the code for it in a second.
Update 2: here's the source code.
Update 3: and here's the original comic in context. Consider this my homage to Jeff Atwood. :)
与恶龙缠斗过久,自身亦成为恶龙;凝视深渊过久,深渊将回以凝视…