c - Intrinsics for 128 multiplication and division

Question

In x86_64 I know that the mul and div opp codes support 128 integers by putting the lower 64 bits in the rax and the upper in the rdx registers. I was looking for some sort of intrinsic to do this in the intel intrinsics guide and I could not find one. I am writing a big number library where the word size is 64 bits. Right now I am doing division by a single word like this.

int ubi_div_i64(ubigint_t* a, ubi_i64_t b, ubi_i64_t* rem)
{
    if(b == 0)
        return UBI_MATH_ERR;

    ubi_i64_t r = 0;

    for(size_t i = a->used; i-- > 0;)
    {

        ubi_i64_t out;
        __asm__(""
                "div %[d] 
"
                : "=a"(out), "=d"(r)
                : "a"(a->data[i]), "d"(r), [d]"r"(b)
                : "cc");
        a->data[i] = out;


        //ubi_i128_t top = (r << 64) + a->data[i];
        //r = top % b;
        //a->data[i] = top / b;
    }
    if(rem)
        *rem = r;

    return ubi_strip_leading_zeros(a);
}

It would be nice if I could use something in the x86intrinsics.h header instead of inline asm.

Answer 1

gcc has __int128 and __uint128 types.

Arithmetic with them should be using the right assembly instructions when they exist; I've used them in the past to get the upper 64 bits of a product, although I've never used it for division. If it's not using the right ones, submit a bug report / feature request as appropriate.