You have a few problems with your declaration but the one that is giving you the not supported error is the Attribute parameter. A DWORD_PTR is not a pointer but rather a pointer sized unsigned integer so rather than ref uint it should be an IntPtr.
The declaration I would use is:
[DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
[return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
private static extern bool UpdateProcThreadAttribute(
IntPtr lpAttributeList, uint dwFlags, IntPtr Attribute,
IntPtr lpValue, IntPtr cbSize, IntPtr lpPreviousValue,
IntPtr lpReturnSize);
EDIT:
I tried to do this as a comment but it doesn't take to code very well.
For a process handle you need an IntPtr to hold the handle. So you would need something like:
IntPtr hProcess //previously retrieved.
IntPtr lpAttributeList //previously allocated using InitializeProcThreadAttributeList and Marshal.AllocHGlobal.
const int PROC_THREAD_ATTRIBUTE_PARENT_PROCESS = 0x00020000;
IntPtr lpValue = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(IntPtr.Size);
Marshal.WriteIntPtr(lpValue, hProcess);
if(UpdateProcThreadAttribute(lpAttributeList, 0, (IntPtr)PROC_THREAD_ATTRIBUTE_PARENT_PROCESS, lpValue, (IntPtr)IntPtr.Size, IntPtr.Zero, IntPtr.Zero))
{
//do something
}
//Free lpValue only after the lpAttributeList is deleted.
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