ruby-on-rails - 尝试安装pg gem时找不到'libpq-fe.h标头(Can't find the 'libpq-fe.h header when trying to install pg gem)

Question

I am using the Ruby on Rails 3.1 pre version.

(我正在使用Ruby on Rails 3.1预版本。)

I like to use PostgreSQL, but the problem is installing the pg gem.

(我喜欢使用PostgreSQL，但问题是安装pg gem。)

It gives me the following error:

(它给了我以下错误：)

$ gem install pg
Building native extensions.  This could take a while...
ERROR:  Error installing pg:
    ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

        /home/u/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p0/bin/ruby extconf.rb
checking for pg_config... no
No pg_config... trying anyway. If building fails, please try again with
 --with-pg-config=/path/to/pg_config
checking for libpq-fe.h... no
Can't find the 'libpq-fe.h header
*** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of
necessary libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more
details.  You may need configuration options.

Provided configuration options:
    --with-opt-dir
    --without-opt-dir
    --with-opt-include
    --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
    --with-opt-lib
    --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
    --with-make-prog
    --without-make-prog
    --srcdir=.
    --curdir
    --ruby=/home/u/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p0/bin/ruby
    --with-pg
    --without-pg
    --with-pg-dir
    --without-pg-dir
    --with-pg-include
    --without-pg-include=${pg-dir}/include
    --with-pg-lib
    --without-pg-lib=${pg-dir}/lib
    --with-pg-config
    --without-pg-config
    --with-pg_config
    --without-pg_config


Gem files will remain installed in /home/u/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0/gems/pg-0.11.0 for inspection.
Results logged to /home/u/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0/gems/pg-0.11.0/ext/gem_make.out

How do I solve this problem?

(我该如何解决这个问题？)

  ask by demonchand translate from so

Answer 1

It looks like in Ubuntu that header is part of the libpq-dev package (at least in the following Ubuntu versions: 11.04 (Natty Narwhal), 10.04 (Lucid Lynx), 11.10 (Oneiric Ocelot), 12.04 (Precise Pangolin), 14.04 (Trusty Tahr) and 18.04 (Bionic Beaver)):

(看起来在Ubuntu中，标头是libpq-dev软件包的一部分 （至少在以下Ubuntu版本中： 11.04 （Natty Narwhal）， 10.04 （Lucid Lynx）， 11.10 （Oneiric Ocelot）， 12.04 （Precise Pangolin）， 14.04 （ Trusty Tahr）和18.04 （Bionic Beaver））：)

...
/usr/include/postgresql/libpq-fe.h
...

So try installing libpq-dev or its equivalent for your OS:

(因此，请尝试为您的操作系统安装libpq-dev或等效版本：)

• For Ubuntu/Debian systems: sudo apt-get install libpq-dev

  (对于Ubuntu / Debian系统： sudo apt-get install libpq-dev)

• On Red Hat Linux (RHEL) systems: yum install postgresql-devel

  (在Red Hat Linux （RHEL）系统上： yum install postgresql-devel)

• For Mac Homebrew : brew install postgresql

  (对于Mac Homebrew ： brew install postgresql)

• For Mac MacPorts PostgreSQL: gem install pg -- --with-pg-config=/opt/local/lib/postgresql[version number]/bin/pg_config

  (对于Mac MacPorts PostgreSQL： gem install pg -- --with-pg-config=/opt/local/lib/postgresql[version number]/bin/pg_config)

• For OpenSuse : zypper in postgresql-devel

  (对于OpenSuse ： zypper in postgresql-devel)

• For ArchLinux : pacman -S postgresql-libs

  (对于ArchLinux ： pacman -S postgresql-libs)