fortran - Which compiler options to use with gfortran?

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Answer 1

For developing and debugging: -Og -g -Wall -pedantic -fcheck=all

For maximum performance once you have a functioning program, benchmark and test, but as a starting point look in the manual what -O2, -O3, -Ofast, -ffast-math, -funroll-loops, -march=native do. Be particularly careful wrt -Ofast and -ffast-math.