But when I try to enter my password it just doesn't work, I can't type anything,
You don't get any feedback as you enter your password. You just have to take it on faith that your keyboard is working.
so I push enter and it shows the next message "Unable to connect to server: FATAL: SSL connection is required. Please specify SSL options and retry."
Actually the next message you got was "password authentication failed". I guess because you panicked when you noticed you weren't getting feedback, and so you never finished typing the password. (Also, "Unable to connect to server" doesn't appear in your screenshot at all, just the SSL part does)
Once psql's attempt to connect over SSL failed due to the password issue, it decided to try again without SSL. But the server rejected this attempt, leading to the 2nd error message (I don't know what caused the exact wording of that error message, it is not a wording I have seen before). If you set PGSSLMODE=require, then it won't bother to make this 2nd attempt, leading to cleaner error output.
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