You're getting the value and it's work fine. check it here:
<select id="test">
<option value="foo">Foo</option>
<option value="bar">Bar</option>
</select>
<textarea class="summernote" id="taskMessage" name="taskMessage" data-plugin-summernote data-plugin-options='{ "height": 200, "codemirror": { "theme": "ambiance" } }'>hi I'm the textarea</textarea>
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.3.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script>
$('#test').change(function(){
const selectValue = $('#test option:selected').text();
const textValue = $('#taskMessage').val();
console.log(textValue);
$('#taskMessage').val(textValue+" "+ selectValue);
});
</script>
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