You can prefill an input field in a Google Form with the ID and distribute the resulting pre-filled URL out to the right user. However, the user can always delete or change the value. There are no hidden field types to protect against that either. Also, hiding a input field on a page the user can't navigate to seems to return an empty response for that field instead of keeping the pre-filled value.
You could use a regular expression in the field's advanced validation as a "check" to whether the ID matches a range or the exact number you want. However, we can't currently set or update any validation via scripts ( see and vote for Issue 4216 ) so you would have to keep doing that manually.
If you absolutely want to prevent a pre-filled id from being changed by the user, that may require creating a separate Google Form for each user with advanced validation setup to match just 1 id.
There's also no ability to for a script to "check" whether the ID is right as the user fills out the form. See this post for more on that.
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