SoapUI processes everything in memory.
When you are running your tests from the GUI, you are able to load multiple projects at a time. Since they are all in memory, they are able to share properties between themselves.
When you are running your tests from the CLI, you are able to reference only one project at a time from the testrunner. Therefore multiple projects cannot share data.
You will have to redesign your test approach. You did not explicitly specify how you are running your tests, and what you are trying to accomplish. But you might be able to pass the information through an environment variable. See documentation.
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