Java operator precedence guidelines

Question

Misunderstanding Java operator precedence is a source of frequently asked questions and subtle errors. I was intrigued to learn that even the Java Language Specification says, "It is recommended that code not rely crucially on this specification." JLS §15.7 Preferring clear to clever, are there any useful guidelines in this area?

Here are a number of resources on the topic:

• JLS Operators
• JLS Precedence
• Java Glossary
• Princeton
• Oracle Tutorial
• Conversions and Promotions
• Java Operator Precedence
• Evaluation Order and Precedence
• Usenet discussion

Additions or corrections welcome.

Answer 1

As far as the "Real World" is concerned, it's probably fair to say:

• enough programmers know that multiplication/division take precedence over addition/subtraction, as is mathematically the convention
• hardly any programmers can remember any of the other rules of precedence

So, apart from the specific case of */ vs +-, I'd really just use brackets to explicitly define the precedence intended.