angularjs - Angular.js: How does $eval work and why is it different from vanilla eval?

Question

I was curious about the $scope.$eval you so often see in directives, so I checked out the source and found the following in rootScope.js:

  $eval: function(expr, locals) {
    return $parse(expr)(this, locals);
  },

$parse appears to be defined by ParseProvider in parse.js, which appears to define some kind of mini-syntax of its own (the file is 900 lines long).

My questions are:

1. What exactly is $eval doing? Why does it need its own mini parsing language?

2. Why isn't plain old JavaScript eval being used?

Answer 1

$eval and $parse don't evaluate JavaScript; they evaluate AngularJS expressions. The linked documentation explains the differences between expressions and JavaScript.

Q: What exactly is $eval doing? Why does it need its own mini parsing language?

From the docs:

Expressions are JavaScript-like code snippets that are usually placed in bindings such as {{ expression }}. Expressions are processed by $parse service.

It's a JavaScript-like mini-language that limits what you can run (e.g. no control flow statements, excepting the ternary operator) as well as adds some AngularJS goodness (e.g. filters).

Q: Why isn't plain old javascript "eval" being used?

Because it's not actually evaluating JavaScript. As the docs say:

If ... you do want to run arbitrary JavaScript code, you should make it a controller method and call the method. If you want to eval() an angular expression from JavaScript, use the $eval() method.

The docs linked to above have a lot more information.