I have found a dirty workaround for this problem, by inserting an invisible iframe and targeting the form to it:
<iframe src="/blank.html" id="loginTarget" name="loginTarget" style="display:none">
</iframe>
<form id="loginForm" action="/blank.html" method="post" target="loginTarget"></form>
The corresponding JavaScript:
$('#loginForm').submit(function () {
$.post('/login', $(this).serialize(), function (data) {
if (data.status == 'SUCCESS') {
window.location = data.redirectUrl;
}
})
})
The trick is, that there are really two requests made. First the form gets submitted to /blank.html, which will be ignored by the server, but this triggers the password save dialog in Chrome. Additionally we make an ajax request and submit the real form to /login. Since the target of the first request is an invisible iframe the page doesn't refresh.
This is of course more useful if you don't want to redirect to another page. If you want to redirect anyway changing the action attribute is a better solution.
Edit:
Here is a simple JSFiddle version of it. Contrary to claims in the comment section, there is no reload of the page needed and it seems to work very reliably. I tested it on Win XP with Chrome and on Linux with Chromium.
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