You can compare just specified parts:
context.tblvalue.Any(x => x.date.Year == data.Year
&& x.date.Month == data.Month
&& x.date.Day == data.Day);
EDIT:
You can also try the following:
context.tblvalue.Any(x => EntityFunctions.TruncateTime(x.date) == data.Date);
Another approach:
context.tblvalue.Any(x => SqlFunctions.DatePart("year", x.date) == data.Year
&& SqlFunctions.DatePart("month", x.date) == data.Month
&& SqlFunctions.DatePart("day", x.date) == data.Day);
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