This is not possible programmatically, since the 'aliases' are in fact keywords introduced in C#, and Type.GetType
(like every other framework method) is part of the language-independent framework.
You could create a dictionary with the following values:
bool System.Boolean
byte System.Byte
sbyte System.SByte
char System.Char
decimal System.Decimal
double System.Double
float System.Single
int System.Int32
uint System.UInt32
long System.Int64
ulong System.UInt64
object System.Object
short System.Int16
ushort System.UInt16
string System.String
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