I hope it's not too late to answer this question. I have had to evaluated both of them at a source-code level for a recent project, and here is my take.
gulp-newer
At the core, this plugin compares the source and dest file's modified time (see node API) to decide whether the source file is newer than the dest file or if there is no dest file at all. Here is the related code in the plugin:
var newer = !destFileStats || srcFile.stat.mtime > destFileStats.mtime;
gulp-changed
This plugin by default also uses a file's modified time to decide which to pass through the stream
function compareLastModifiedTime(stream, cb, sourceFile, targetPath) {}
but it goes one step further by offering an option to compare the file's content SHA1 hash:
function compareSha1Digest(stream, cb, sourceFile, targetPath) {}
This information is nicely documented.
Conclusion
So theoretically speaking, if you use gulp-changed's default hasChanged: changed.compareLastModifiedTime
, each plugin is relatively as fast as the other. If you use gulp-changed's hasChanged: changed.compareSha1Digest
, it's reasonable to expect gulp-changed to be a bit slower because it does create a SHA1 hash of the file content. I didn't benchmark but I'm also interested in seeing some number.
Which to choose
gulp-changed, purely because of the developer behind it (sindresorhus). If one day this awesome man decides that he will stop supporting his gulp plugins, I think I will stop using gulp altogether.
Joking aside, though, gulp-changed's source code is gulp-y, while gulp-newer's source reads pretty much like just another node module's source with lots of promises. So another +1 for gulp-changed :)
HUGE EDIT
Gulp-changed only works with 1:1 source:dest mapping. If you need many:1, e.g. when using with gulp concat, choose gulp-newer instead.
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