(instructions for networkx 1.x below)
If you're using networkx 2.x try
G.remove_edges_from(nx.selfloop_edges(G))
If you have a MultiGraph
(which for example configuration_model
produces), this may not work if you have an older release of 2.x with a minor bug. If so and you don't want to upgrade, then you need to convert this into a list before removing edges.
G.remove_edges_from(list(nx.selfloop_edges(G)))
This bug has been corrected https://github.com/networkx/networkx/issues/4068.
In version 1.x (when I originally answered this question), it was:
G.remove_edges_from(G.selfloop_edges())
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