本问题来自《Go语言圣经》中 GIF 动画 中的代码,作用是生成一个利萨如图形 GIF。
代码如下:
// Lissajous generates GIF animations of random Lissajous figures.
package main
import (
"fmt"
"image"
"image/color"
"image/gif"
"io"
"math"
"math/rand"
"os"
"reflect"
)
var palette = []color.Color{color.White, color.RGBA{0x6C, 0x9F, 0xB4, 0xff}}
const (
whiteIndex = 0 // first color in palette
greenIndex = 1 // second color in palette
)
func main() {
lissajous(os.Stdout)
}
func lissajous(out io.Writer) {
const (
cycles = 5 // number of complete x oscillator revolutions
res = 0.001 // angular resolution
size = 100 // image canvas covers [-size..+size]
nframes = 64 // number of animation frames
delay = 8 // delay between frames in 10ms units
)
freq := rand.Float64() * 3.0 // relative frequency of y oscillator
anim := gif.GIF{LoopCount: nframes}
phase := 0.0 // phase difference
for i := 0; i < nframes; i++ {
rect := image.Rect(0, 0, 2*size+1, 2*size+1)
img := image.NewPaletted(rect, palette)
for t := 0.0; t < cycles*2*math.Pi; t += res {
x := math.Sin(t)
y := math.Sin(t*freq + phase)
img.SetColorIndex(size+int(x*size+0.5), size+int(y*size+0.5), greenIndex)
}
phase += 0.1
anim.Delay = append(anim.Delay, delay)
anim.Image = append(anim.Image, img)
}
// gif.EncodeAll(out, &anim) // NOTE: ignoring encoding errors
fmt.Println(reflect.TypeOf(cycles))
}
不输出 gif,执行代码查看 cycles 的类型为 int.
% go run lissajous.go
int
将 cycles 的声明语句改为 var cycles = 5
后出错,这里 cycles 也是 int 型。
% go run lissajous.go
# command-line-arguments
./lissajous.go:44: constant 3.14159 truncated to integer
./lissajous.go:44: invalid operation: t < cycles * 2 * math.Pi (mismatched types float64 and int)
尝试改成 var cycles = 5.0
后,cycles 的类型为 float64,代码能正常运行。
问题
为什么用 const
声明的 int
与 var
声明的 int
会有差别?
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